diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 94e3cf8..5d9b097 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -35,6 +35,15 @@ A modern, self-hosted alternative to services like CopyMeThat. Store, organize,
 
 ---
 
+### Backend Orchestrator (Phase Execution Utility)
+
+A sequential orchestrator utility is available for robust, checkpointed phase execution with per-phase retries. Useful for automation harnesses or recipe import flows needing durable, restart-safe progress tracking.
+
+- Location: `src/backend/services/SequentialOrchestrator.ts`
+- Usage/docs: [`docs/orchestrator.md`](docs/orchestrator.md)
+
+---
+
 ## Quick Start
 
 ### Prerequisites
diff --git a/docs/orchestrator.md b/docs/orchestrator.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e9af331
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/orchestrator.md
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# Orchestrator Usage
+
+This service provides robust phase-based sequencing with automatic checkpointing and per-phase retry policy. 
+
+## Usage (Programmatic)
+
+```
+ts
+import { SequentialOrchestrator } from './src/backend/services/SequentialOrchestrator';
+
+const orchestrator = new SequentialOrchestrator({
+  phases: [
+    { name: 'one', run: async () => { /* logic */ }, retry: 2, backoffMs: 250 },
+    { name: 'two', run: async () => { /* logic */ }},
+    // ...more phases
+  ],
+  checkpointPath: 'data/orchestrator-checkpoint.json', // optional, default as shown
+  input: {...}, // input passed to each phase
+});
+
+await orchestrator.run(); // Runs/resumes from last incomplete phase, checkpointing after each attempt
+```
+
+## Features
+- **Sequential phases**: Executes provided phases in-order.
+- **Per-phase retry & backoff**: Configure max attempts and delay for each phase.
+- **Checkpointing**: Persists after every attempt (success/failure/attempt #, timestamp, error message if fail).
+- **Restart-safe**: Can safely resume after crash/restart, picks up at last incomplete phase.
+- **Minimal callable interface**: Import and use from your own services or app code.
+
+## Checkpoint Schema
+See `src/backend/services/SequentialOrchestrator.ts` for full type:
+- `currentPhase`: index of next phase to execute
+- `phaseResults[]`: history of all attempts on every phase
+- `inProgress`: true if incomplete (failed phase, retries exhausted)
+
+## Testing
+Run:
+
+```
+npm test
+```
+
+See source: `src/backend/tests/orchestrator.test.ts` for coverage: execution order, retry, checkpoint, resume.
diff --git a/src/backend/services/SequentialOrchestrator.ts b/src/backend/services/SequentialOrchestrator.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d5848b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/services/SequentialOrchestrator.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+import { promises as fs } from 'fs';
+import path from 'path';
+
+export type OrchestratorPhase<TInput, TOutput> = {
+  name: string;
+  run: (input: TInput) => Promise<TOutput>;
+  retry?: number; // how many times to retry (default: 1)
+  backoffMs?: number; // ms to wait between retries (default: 0)
+};
+
+export type PhaseAttemptResult = {
+  phase: string;
+  status: 'success' | 'failure';
+  attempt: number;
+  timestamp: string;
+  error?: string;
+};
+
+export type Checkpoint = {
+  currentPhase: number; // index in phases
+  phaseResults: PhaseAttemptResult[];
+  inProgress?: boolean;
+};
+
+const DEFAULT_CHECKPOINT_FILE = path.join(process.cwd(), 'data/orchestrator-checkpoint.json');
+
+export class SequentialOrchestrator<TInput = any, TOutput = any> {
+  private phases: OrchestratorPhase<TInput, TOutput>[];
+  private checkpointPath: string;
+  private input: TInput;
+
+  constructor(options: {
+    phases: OrchestratorPhase<TInput, TOutput>[];
+    checkpointPath?: string;
+    input: TInput;
+  }) {
+    this.phases = options.phases;
+    this.checkpointPath = options.checkpointPath || DEFAULT_CHECKPOINT_FILE;
+    this.input = options.input;
+  }
+
+  async run(): Promise<Checkpoint> {
+    let checkpoint = await this.loadCheckpoint();
+    if (!checkpoint) {
+      checkpoint = {
+        currentPhase: 0,
+        phaseResults: [],
+      };
+      await this.saveCheckpoint(checkpoint);
+    }
+    for (let i = checkpoint.currentPhase; i < this.phases.length; i++) {
+      const phase = this.phases[i];
+      const resultsForPhase = checkpoint.phaseResults.filter(r => r.phase === phase.name);
+      const maxAttempts = phase.retry ?? 1;
+      const hasSucceeded = resultsForPhase.some(r => r.status === 'success');
+      if (hasSucceeded) {
+        // This phase already succeeded, continue to next phase.
+        continue;
+      }
+      if (!hasSucceeded && resultsForPhase.length >= maxAttempts) {
+        // Phase exhausted all retries with no success. Do not re-attempt.
+        break;
+      }
+      let attempt = resultsForPhase.length + 1; // continue counting if interrupted in the middle
+      const backoffMs = phase.backoffMs ?? 0;
+      let succeeded = false;
+      while (attempt <= maxAttempts && !succeeded) {
+        let error: string | undefined;
+        try {
+          await phase.run(this.input);
+          succeeded = true;
+        } catch (e:any) {
+          error = e?.message || String(e);
+          if (attempt < maxAttempts && backoffMs > 0) {
+            await new Promise(res => setTimeout(res, backoffMs));
+          }
+        }
+        checkpoint.phaseResults.push({
+          phase: phase.name,
+          status: succeeded ? 'success' : 'failure',
+          attempt,
+          timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
+          error: succeeded ? undefined : error,
+        });
+        await this.saveCheckpoint(checkpoint);
+        if (succeeded) {
+          checkpoint.currentPhase = i + 1;
+          break;
+        }
+        attempt++;
+      }
+      if (!succeeded) {
+        // Phase exhausted all retries. Stop orchestrator.
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    checkpoint.inProgress = checkpoint.currentPhase < this.phases.length;
+    await this.saveCheckpoint(checkpoint);
+    return checkpoint;
+  }
+
+  async resume(): Promise<Checkpoint> {
+    // Alias for run() for clarity
+    return this.run();
+  }
+
+  async loadCheckpoint(): Promise<Checkpoint | null> {
+    try {
+      const data = await fs.readFile(this.checkpointPath, 'utf8');
+      return JSON.parse(data);
+    } catch {
+      return null;
+    }
+  }
+
+  async saveCheckpoint(checkpoint: Checkpoint): Promise<void> {
+    await fs.mkdir(path.dirname(this.checkpointPath), { recursive: true });
+    await fs.writeFile(this.checkpointPath, JSON.stringify(checkpoint, null, 2), 'utf8');
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/tests/orchestrator.test.ts b/src/backend/tests/orchestrator.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1cb31a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/tests/orchestrator.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+import { SequentialOrchestrator } from '../services/SequentialOrchestrator';
+import { promises as fs } from 'fs';
+import path from 'path';
+import { describe, it, expect, beforeEach } from 'vitest';
+
+const tempCheckpoint = path.join(process.cwd(), 'data/test-orch-checkpoint.json');
+
+async function cleanCheckpoint() {
+  try {
+    await fs.unlink(tempCheckpoint);
+  } catch {}
+}
+
+describe('SequentialOrchestrator', () => {
+  beforeEach(async () => {
+    await cleanCheckpoint();
+  });
+
+  it('executes all phases in order without retries', async () => {
+    const calls: string[] = [];
+    const orchestrator = new SequentialOrchestrator({
+      phases: [
+        { name: 'phase1', run: async () => { calls.push('1'); } },
+        { name: 'phase2', run: async () => { calls.push('2'); } },
+      ],
+      checkpointPath: tempCheckpoint,
+      input: undefined,
+    });
+    const cp = await orchestrator.run();
+    expect(calls).toEqual(['1','2']);
+    expect(cp.phaseResults.filter(r => r.status==='success').length).toBe(2);
+    expect(cp.currentPhase).toBe(2);
+    expect(cp.inProgress).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('retries a failing phase and then succeeds', async () => {
+    let tries = 0;
+    const calls: string[] = [];
+    const orchestrator = new SequentialOrchestrator({
+      phases: [
+        { name: 'phase1', run: async () => { calls.push('1'); } },
+        { name: 'retry-phase', run: async () => { tries++; calls.push('r'); if (tries < 3) throw new Error('fail'); }, retry: 3, backoffMs: 10 },
+        { name: 'phase2', run: async () => { calls.push('2'); } },
+      ],
+      checkpointPath: tempCheckpoint,
+      input: undefined
+    });
+    const cp = await orchestrator.run();
+    expect(calls).toEqual(['1','r','r','r','2']);
+    expect(cp.phaseResults.filter(r=>r.phase==='retry-phase').length).toBe(3);
+    expect(cp.phaseResults.find(r=>r.phase==='retry-phase' && r.status==='success')).not.toBeNull();
+    expect(cp.currentPhase).toBe(3);
+    expect(cp.inProgress).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('persists checkpoint after phase, can resume mid-run after crash', async () => {
+    let fired = false;
+    const orchestrator = new SequentialOrchestrator({
+      phases: [
+        { name: 'p1', run: async () => {} },
+        { name: 'p2', run: async () => { if (!fired) {fired=true; throw new Error('fail');} } },
+        { name: 'p3', run: async () => {} },
+      ],
+      checkpointPath: tempCheckpoint,
+      input: undefined
+    });
+    // First run to fail at p2
+    let cp = await orchestrator.run();
+    expect(cp.phaseResults.filter(r=>r.phase==='p1' && r.status==='success').length).toBe(1);
+    expect(cp.phaseResults.filter(r=>r.phase==='p2').length).toBe(1);
+    expect(cp.inProgress).toBe(true);
+    // Simulate restart -- resume should continue from failed phase
+    fired = true; // Next attempt will succeed
+    cp = await orchestrator.resume();
+    expect(cp.phaseResults.filter(r=>r.phase==='p2').length).toBe(2);
+    expect(cp.phaseResults.some(r=>r.phase==='p3' && r.status==='success')).toBe(true);
+    expect(cp.inProgress).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('stops after exhausting retries for a phase', async () => {
+    const orchestrator = new SequentialOrchestrator({
+      phases: [
+        { name: 'a', run: async () => {} },
+        { name: 'b', run: async () => { throw new Error('fail!'); }, retry: 2 },
+        { name: 'c', run: async () => {} },
+      ],
+      checkpointPath: tempCheckpoint,
+      input: undefined
+    });
+    const cp = await orchestrator.run();
+    expect(cp.phaseResults.filter(r=>r.phase==='b').length).toBe(2);
+    expect(cp.currentPhase).toBe(1); // Should remain at failed phase index after retries exhausted
+    expect(cp.inProgress).toBe(true);
+    // Resume should NOT re-attempt phase b, since it exhausted retries
+    const cp2 = await orchestrator.resume();
+    expect(cp2.phaseResults.filter(r=>r.phase==='b').length).toBe(2);
+    expect(cp2.currentPhase).toBe(1);
+    expect(cp2.inProgress).toBe(true);
+  });
+});